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<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>Docker Compose</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#一、compose-简介" class="sidebar-link">一、Compose 简介</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#二、安装卸载" class="sidebar-link">二、安装卸载</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#三、快速入门" class="sidebar-link">三、快速入门</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#web-应用" class="sidebar-link">web 应用</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#dockerfile" class="sidebar-link">Dockerfile</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#docker-compose-yml" class="sidebar-link">docker-compose.yml</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#运行-compose-项目" class="sidebar-link">运行 compose 项目</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#四、命令" class="sidebar-link">四、命令</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#五、模板文件" class="sidebar-link">五、模板文件</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li><a href="/linux-tutorial/docker/docker-compose.html#参考资料" class="sidebar-link">参考资料</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="docker-compose"><a href="#docker-compose" class="header-anchor">#</a> Docker Compose</h1> <blockquote><p><a href="https://github.com/docker/compose" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">compose<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 项目是 Docker 官方的开源项目，负责实现对 Docker 容器集群的快速编排。从功能上看，跟 <code>OpenStack</code> 中的 <code>Heat</code> 十分类似。</p></blockquote> <h2 id="一、compose-简介"><a href="#一、compose-简介" class="header-anchor">#</a> 一、Compose 简介</h2> <p><strong><code>Compose</code> 的定位是：定义和运行多个 Docker 容器的应用</strong>。 使用一个 <code>Dockerfile</code> 模板文件，可以让用户很方便的定义一个单独的应用容器。然而，在日常工作中，经常会碰到需要多个容器相互配合来完成某项任务的情况。例如要实现一个 Web 项目，除了 Web 服务容器本身，往往还需要再加上后端的数据库服务容器，甚至还包括负载均衡容器等。</p> <p><code>Compose</code> 恰好满足了这样的需求。它允许用户通过一个单独的 <code>docker-compose.yml</code> 模板文件（YAML 格式）来定义一组相关联的应用容器为一个项目（project）。</p> <p><code>Compose</code> 中有两个重要的概念：</p> <ul><li><strong>服务 (<code>service</code>)</strong>：一个应用的容器，实际上可以包括若干运行相同镜像的容器实例。</li> <li><strong>项目 (<code>project</code>)</strong>：由一组关联的应用容器组成的一个完整业务单元，在 <code>docker-compose.yml</code> 文件中定义。</li></ul> <p><code>Compose</code> 的默认管理对象是项目，通过子命令对项目中的一组容器进行便捷地生命周期管理。</p> <h2 id="二、安装卸载"><a href="#二、安装卸载" class="header-anchor">#</a> 二、安装卸载</h2> <p><code>Compose</code> 支持 Linux、macOS、Windows10 三大平台。</p> <p>Linux 安装方式：</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">curl</span> -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">`</span><span class="token function">uname</span> -s<span class="token variable">`</span></span>-<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">`</span><span class="token function">uname</span> -m<span class="token variable">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">></span> /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
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<span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">chmod</span> +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
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</code></pre></div><blockquote><p>🔔 详情请参考：<a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Install Docker Compose<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p></blockquote> <h2 id="三、快速入门"><a href="#三、快速入门" class="header-anchor">#</a> 三、快速入门</h2> <h3 id="web-应用"><a href="#web-应用" class="header-anchor">#</a> web 应用</h3> <p>新建文件夹，在该目录中编写 <code>app.py</code> 文件</p> <div class="language-python extra-class"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> flask <span class="token keyword">import</span> Flask
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<span class="token keyword">from</span> redis <span class="token keyword">import</span> Redis
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app <span class="token operator">=</span> Flask<span class="token punctuation">(</span>__name__<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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redis <span class="token operator">=</span> Redis<span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'redis'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> port<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">6379</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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<span class="token decorator annotation punctuation">@app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>route</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'/'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">hello</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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count <span class="token operator">=</span> redis<span class="token punctuation">.</span>incr<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'hits'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">'Hello World! 该页面已被访问 {} 次。\n'</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>count<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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<span class="token keyword">if</span> __name__ <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">"__main__"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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app<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"0.0.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> debug<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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</code></pre></div><h3 id="dockerfile"><a href="#dockerfile" class="header-anchor">#</a> Dockerfile</h3> <p>编写 <code>Dockerfile</code> 文件，内容为</p> <div class="language-docker extra-class"><pre class="language-docker"><code><span class="token keyword">FROM</span> python<span class="token punctuation">:</span>3.6<span class="token punctuation">-</span>alpine
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<span class="token keyword">ADD</span> . /code
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<span class="token keyword">WORKDIR</span> /code
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<span class="token keyword">RUN</span> pip install redis flask
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<span class="token keyword">CMD</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"python"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"app.py"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
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</code></pre></div><h3 id="docker-compose-yml"><a href="#docker-compose-yml" class="header-anchor">#</a> docker-compose.yml</h3> <p>编写 <code>docker-compose.yml</code> 文件，这个是 Compose 使用的主模板文件。</p> <div class="language-yaml extra-class"><pre class="language-yaml"><code><span class="token key atrule">version</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">'3'</span>
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<span class="token key atrule">services</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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<span class="token key atrule">web</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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<span class="token key atrule">build</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> .
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<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">"5000:5000"</span>
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<span class="token key atrule">redis</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
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<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"redis:alpine"</span>
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</code></pre></div><h3 id="运行-compose-项目"><a href="#运行-compose-项目" class="header-anchor">#</a> 运行 compose 项目</h3> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ docker-compose up
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</code></pre></div><p>此时访问本地 <code>5000</code> 端口，每次刷新页面，计数就会加 1。</p> <h2 id="四、命令"><a href="#四、命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 四、命令</h2> <blockquote><p>🔔 请参考：</p> <ul><li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compose 官方命令说明文档<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/compose/commands.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compose 命令说明中文文档<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul></blockquote> <h2 id="五、模板文件"><a href="#五、模板文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 五、模板文件</h2> <blockquote><p><code>docker-compose.yml</code> 文件是 Docker Compose 的模板文件，其作用类似于 Dockerfile 和 Docker。</p></blockquote> <p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/env-file/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">docker-compose.yml 支持的默认环境变量官方文档<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p> <h2 id="参考资料"><a href="#参考资料" class="header-anchor">#</a> 参考资料</h2> <ul><li><strong>官方</strong> <ul><li><a href="https://github.com/docker/compose" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Docker Compose Github<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Docker Compose 官方文档<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul></li> <li><strong>教程</strong> <ul><li><a href="https://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/compose/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Docker — 从入门到实践 - Docker Compose 项目<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div> <footer class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/dunwu/linux-tutorial/edit/master/docs/docker/docker-compose.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">帮助我们改善此页面！</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">a year ago</span></div></footer> <!----> </main></div><div class="global-ui"><!----><!----></div></div>
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